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Know What Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

Cognitive behavioral therapy is a type of psychotherapy, which combines behavioral therapy and cognitive therapy. Both of these therapies aim to change the mindset and response of patients, from negative to positive. A person's mindset towards something can affect his emotions and behavior. For example, someone whose marriage ends in divorce will think that he is not a good partner, and does not deserve a relationship. The mindset will make him despair, then trigger it to distance themselves from the social sphere. If the condition is left, he will be trapped in a cycle of negative thought patterns, emotions and behavior. In cognitive behavioral therapy, patients who experience conditions like the one above will learn how to think positively, so that it will produce emotions and positive behavior as well. Cognitive behavioral therapy can be done in personal sessions, either in person or via telephone and video calls. Therapy can also be done in groups, both with family members, or with people who have similar problems. In some conditions, therapy can be done online through a computer.

Indications for Cognitive Behavior Therapy

Cognitive behavioral therapy can be applied to patients of all ages, who experience the following conditions:
  • Depression
  • Phobias
  • Bipolar disorder
  • Anxiety disorders
  • Eating Disorders
  • OCD
  • PTSD
  • Sleep disturbance
  • Hypochondriasis or excessive anxiety about a disease
  • Schizophrenia
  • Gambling habit
  • Addicted to smoking or alcoholic drinks
  • Drug abuse
  • Uncontrolled anger
  • Relationship or marriage problems
  • Not confident

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Warning

Cognitive behavioral therapy will explore unpleasant feelings, experiences, and emotions. Therefore, patients may cry or get angry during therapy. Cognitive behavioral therapy with certain techniques, will require the patient to enter situations and conditions that he normally avoided. For example, patients who are afraid of snakes will be motivated to dare to hold snakes. Whereas patients with anxiety disorders will be encouraged to speak in public. Patients will be asked to participate during and outside the therapy session. For example by making notes about mindset, emotions and positive behavior that must be done. Cooperation between patients and therapists is very important, in order to obtain satisfactory therapeutic results.

Cognitive Behavior Therapy Preparations

Do not hesitate to ask a few things to the therapist, in this case can be a psychiatrist or psychologist, including related to the method of approach, goals to be achieved through therapy, the duration of each session of therapy, and how many sessions to be followed. In addition, know in advance the costs of consultation for cognitive behavioral therapy. Cognitive behavioral therapy is generally a short-term therapy, which is only about 10 to 20 sessions. Before starting therapy, discuss with the therapist the number of sessions needed. In general, the number of therapy sessions depends on several factors such as:
  • Types of disorders and problems encountered
  • Severity of symptoms
  • The patient has been suffering for a long time
  • Stress level of the patient
  • Patient development since starting therapy
  • How much support from family and loved ones.

Cognitive Behavior Therapy Process

Cognitive behavioral therapy generally lasts for 30-60 minutes in each session. In the first few sessions, the therapist and patient will both ensure that cognitive behavioral therapy is the right therapy to overcome the problems experienced by the patient. The therapist will also make sure that the patient feels comfortable during the therapy. Next, the therapist will ask about the patient's background and past. This is important, because although therapy is more focused on the current situation, the problems experienced by patients can also be related to the past. The therapist will also ask for a number of factors that may be related to the patient's problem, including medical history, certain events (eg divorced), symptoms of mental disorders, to goals to be achieved through therapy. When problems and triggers have been identified, patients will be asked to express their thoughts and feelings related to the problem at hand. In this process, patients will be asked to take notes, to help understand their negative responses when dealing with problems, both in thought patterns, feelings, and actions. Then, the therapist will discuss with patients the impact of the negative response on themselves and their environment, and how to change the negative response to positive. For example, patients with anxiety disorders tend to avoid situations that trigger anxiety or anxiety. In therapy sessions, patients will learn to understand that avoiding the situation will actually increase fear. To change this, the patient will be trained to deal with fear gradually, so that self-confidence arises when experiencing situations that trigger anxiety. After the patient understands the problem and the negative response that must be changed, the therapist will advise the patient to start practicing responding positively to his daily activities. For example, by reprimanding yourself when negative thoughts arise, and replace them with positive thoughts. It can also be immediately realized that the action to be taken can trigger a negative response, then replace it with another action. The exercise process above is carried out between therapy sessions, and will be discussed in the next therapy session. If needed, the therapist will give patients examples of exercises to practice between sessions. However, the therapist will only suggest forms of exercise that make the patient comfortable.

After Cognitive Behavior Therapy

Even though all therapy sessions have been passed, all the positive things that have been obtained from the therapy must still be done. This is important, to prevent re-occurrence of disorders, especially anxiety and depression disorders. Do not expect quick results, because handling psychiatric disorders is not an easy thing. It is natural for patients to feel uncomfortable in the first few therapy sessions. It takes several therapy sessions until the patient feels the development in him. Talk to your therapist if you feel that there is no progress after undergoing several therapy sessions. You and the therapist can discuss therapy with other approaches.

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